Following the government new strategy to improve the school management through community participation and to achieve the goals of the Education for All (EFA) program (2004–2009), the primary schools have been requested to organize a school management committee (SMC), whose members are selected by the community members. Each SMC is to prepare a school improvement plans (SIPs) and to manage the school according to the SMCs have been established by most of the schools to promote school-based management with the SIPs, although some of the SMCs do not function properly yet. In spite of the various efforts of GoN to promote the decentralization and the school-based management, limited capacity at the school, community and district levels has caused the increased disparity among the schools and among the communities, which has impeded the improvement in the access to the quality primary schools.